Foundation path
Stock market foundations
Thirteen chapters in a deliberate order, from ownership and trading to portfolio construction and risk control.
How the stock market works
What happens from an IPO until an investor buys a share.
Why stock prices rise and fall
Supply, demand, expectations and results explained without shortcuts.
What is an ETF
What you buy, what it costs and which risks remain.
Investing versus speculating
Practical differences in evidence, horizon and exit rules.
What are dividends
Assess a distribution without mistaking it for free return.
Market, limit and stop orders
Which order to use, what it guarantees and its execution risks.
Market cap, shares and free float
Understand what price represents and why a low share price is not a cheap company.
Splits, buybacks and dilution
How your ownership changes even when the business looks the same.
What is risk
Volatility, permanent loss and ability to hold are not the same.
How to diversify a portfolio
Spread causes of risk, not just tickers.
How to size a position
Connect conviction, tolerable loss and concentration.
Portfolio rebalancing
Calendar and threshold rules with fewer emotional decisions.
Common investing mistakes
Frequent biases and simple rules to reduce them.